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Thursday, November 8, 2007
Gymnastics: Beijing Olympic 2008
The gymnastics event of the 29th Olympic Games will be held in Beijing from August 9-24, 2008.
The artistic gymnastics and trampoline competitions will be held at the National Indoor Stadium and the rhythmic gymnastics will be held at the Beijing University of Technology Gymnasium.
On the program of Artistic Gynamstics of the Games of the XXIX Olympiad, Beijing 2008
• Men's Floor exercises
• Men's Horizontal Bar
• Men's Individual All-round
• Men's Parallel Bars
• Men's Pommel Horse
• Men's Rings
• Men's Team Competition
• Men's Vault
• Women's Balance Beam
• Women's Floor Exercises
• Women's Individual All-round
• Women's Team Competition
• Women's Uneven Bars
• Women's Vault
On the program of Trampoline of the Games of the XXIX Olympiad, Beijing 2008
• Men's Individual
• Women's Individual
National Indoor Stadium
Effect photo
Venue: National Indoor Stadium
Location: Olympic Green
Total land surface: 80,900 sq m
Competitions: Artistic Gymnastics, Trampolines, and Handball;
Post-Games use: The venue, one of the best sports facilities in Beijing, can be used for sports competition, cultural and entertaining purposes, and will serve as a multi-functional exercise center for local residents.
Groundbreaking date: May 28, 2005
Effect photo
Effect photo
On the program of the Games of the XXIX Olympiad, Beijing 2008
• Women's Group Competition
• Women's Individual All-round
The Beijing University of Technology Gymnasium
Venue: Beijing University of Technology Gymnasium (Badminton and Rhythmic Gymnastic venue for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games)
Location: Beijing University of Technology
Total land surface (sq m): 22,269
Seats: 7,500
Competitions: Badminton and Rhythmic Gymnastics
Post-Games use: The Gym will provide spaces for activities of students and faculty, whilst facilitating the training of the badminton teams affiliated with the International Badminton Federation and the General Administration of Sports. The gymnasium will occassionally be open to the public.
Groundbreaking date: June 30, 2005
Source: beijing2008.com
Gymnastics - Trampolining
Trampolining is a competitive sport in which gymnasts perform acrobatics while bouncing on a trampoline. These can include simple jumps in the pike, tuck or straddle position to more complex combinations of forward or backward somersaults and twists.
There are two related competitive rebound sports, synchronized trampoline and double mini-trampoline.
History
In the early 1930s, George Nissen observed trapeze artistes performing tricks when bouncing off the safety net. He made the first modern trampoline in his garage to reproduce this on a smaller scale and used it to help with his diving and tumbling activities. He formed a company to build trampolines for sale and used a variant of the Spanish word trampolin (diving board) as a trademark. He used the trampoline to entertain audiences and also let them participate in his demonstrations as part of his marketing strategy. Thus were the beginnings of a new sport.
The nature of the activity is natural, easy and rhythmical, and the power of the bed enables participants to have fun and excitement by jumping higher than they would normally be able and to perform many skills landing on the feet, seat, front and back and also to take off from those varied landing positions.
In the USA, trampolining was quickly introduced into school physical education programs and was also used in private entertainment centres. However, following a number of injuries and law suits caused by insufficient supervision and inadequate training, trampolining is now mostly conducted in specialist gyms with certified trainers. This has caused a large reduction in the number of competitive athletes in the United States and a consequent decline from the earlier American prominence in the sport. Elsewhere in the world the sport was most strongly adopted in Europe and former Soviet Union. Since trampolining became an Olympic sport in 2000, many more countries have started developing programs and Japan and China are already producing very competitive athletes.
Gymnastics, Beijing Olympic 2008
Source: Wikipedia.org
Gymnastics - Rhythmic gymnastics
Rhythmic gymnastics is a sport in which single competitors or pairs, trios or even more manipulate one or two apparatuses: Rope, Hoop, Ball, Clubs and Ribbon. It combines elements of ballet, gymnastics, theatrical dance, and apparatus manipulation. The victor is the participant who earns the most points, as awarded by a panel of judges, for leaps, balances, pivots, flexibility, apparatus handling, and artistic effect.
The sport's governing body, the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG), changed the Code of Points in 2001, 2003 and 2005 to emphasize technical elements and reduce the subjectivity of judging. Before 2001, judging was on a scale of 10 like that of Artistic Gymnastics. It was changed to a 30-point scale in 2003 and in 2005 was changed to 20. There are three values adding up to be the final points—technical, artistic and execution.
International competitions are split between Juniors, under sixteen by their year of birth; and Seniors, for girls 16 and over again by their year of birth. Gymnasts typically start training at a very young age and those at their peak are typically in their late teens or early twenties. The largest events in the sport are the Olympic Games, World Championships, and Grand-Prix Tournaments.
History
Rhythmic gymnastics grew out of the ideas of I.G. Noverre (1722–1810), Francois Delsart (1811–1871), and R. Bode (1881), who all believed in movement expression, where one used dance to express oneself and exercise various body parts. Peter Henry Ling further developed this idea in his 19th-century Swedish system of free exercise, which promoted "aesthetic gymnastics", in which students expressed their feelings and emotions through bodily movement. This idea was extended by Catherine E. Beecher, who founded the Western Female Institute in Ohio, United States, in 1837 . In Beecher's gymnastics program, called grace without dancing, the young women exercised to music, moving from simple calisthenics to more strenuous activities. During the 1880s, Emil Dalcroze of Switzerland developed eurhythmics, a form of physical training for musicians and dancers. George Demeny of France created exercises to music that were designed to promote grace of movement, muscular flexibility, and good posture. All of these styles were combined around 1900 into the Swedish school of rhythmic gymnastics, which would later add dance elements from Finland. Around this time, Ernest Idla of Estonia established a degree of difficulty for each movement. In 1929, Henrich Medau founded The Medau School in Berlin to train gymnasts in "modern gymnastics", and to develop the use of the apparatus.
Rhythmic gymnastics as a sport began in the 1940s in the Soviet Union. It was there that for the first time, the spirit of sports was combined with the sensuous art of classical ballet. (To Isadora Duncan, we credit the famous rebellion against the dogma of classical ballet and the shift toward the creation of a new discipline that would blend art and sport.)
The FIG recognized this discipline in 1961, first as modern gymnastics, then as rhythmic sportive gymnastics, and finally as rhythmic gymnastics. The first World Championships for individual gymnasts took place in 1963 in Budapest, Hungary. Groups were introduced at the same level in 1967 in Copenhagen, Denmark. Rhythmic gymnastics was added to the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, with an Individual All Around competition. However, many federations from the Eastern European countries were forced to boycott. The Canadian Lori Fung was the first rhythmic gymnast to earn an Olympic gold medal. The Group competition was added to the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia.
Gymnastics, Beijing Olympic 2008
Source: Wikipedia.org
Gymnastics - Artistic gymnastics
Artistic Gymnastics is a discipline of gymnastics in which competitors perform short routines (ranging from approximately 30 to 90 seconds) on different apparatus, obviously less for vaulting (see lists below).
Artistic gymnastics is one of the most popular spectator sports at the Summer Olympic Games, although it is not a particularly popular participant sport, as performing at even a basic level requires very high levels of fitness and skill which take more training than many people are prepared to commit. In addition, in many nations, gymnastics is an expensive sport. However, the discipline of general gymnastics is geared more towards participation for fun and fitness, rather than competition, and attracts a respectable number of participants including retired gymnasts.
The apparatus used in Men's Artistic Gymnastics (MAG), and Women's Artistic Gymnastics (WAG) differ, with the unique men's apparatus particularly emphasizing strength requirements and the women's apparatus emphasizing artistry, balance and agility.
The sport of gymnastics is governed by the Federation Internationale de Gymnastique, or FIG. The FIG designs the Code of Points and regulates all aspects of international elite competition. Within individual countries, gymnastics is regulated by national federations, such as BAGA in Great Britain and USA Gymnastics in the United States.
History
Gymnastics as a system of harmonious sports training originated in the Ancient Greece more than 2,000 years ago, although gymnastic exercises and even some sort of apparatus were used in the ancient China and India for medical purposes much earlier. The system was mentioned in works by ancient authors, such as Homer, Aristotle and Plato. It included many disciplines, which would later become separate sports: swimming, race, wrestling, boxing, riding, etc. [1] and was also used for the military training. In its present form gymnastics evolved in Germany and Czechoslovakia in the beginning of the 19th century, and the term "artistic gymnastics" was introduced at the same time to distinguish free styles from the ones used by the military.[2] A German educator Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, who was known as the father of gymnastics [3], invented several apparatus, including the horizontal bar and parallel bars which are used to this day. Two of the first gymnastics clubs were Turnvereins and Sokols.
In 1881 International Gymnastics Federation was founded and remains the governing body of international gymnastics since then. It included only three countries and was called European Gymnastics Federation until 1921, when the first non-European countries joined the federation, and it was reorganized into its present form. Gymnastics was included into the program of the 1896 Summer Olympics, but women were allowed to participate in the Olympics only since 1928. World Championships, held since 1903 also remained for men only until 1934. Since that time two branches of artistic gymnastics have been developing – WAG and MAG – which, unlike men's and women's branches of many other sports, are much different in apparatus used at the major competitions, in techniques and concerns.
Gymnastics, Beijing Olympic 2008
Source: Wikipedia.org
Gymnastics
Gymnastics has been contested at every Summer Olympic Games since the birth of the modern Olympic movement at the 1896 Summer Olympics. For thirty years, only men were allowed to compete. Women's events were introduced at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam. The competition was held in artistic gymnastics discipline until 1984, when rhythmic gymnastics discipline was added to the program of the Olympics. Since 2000, trampolining discipline has also been competed.
There will be 3 types of gymnastics discipline held in Summer Olympic Games:
Gymnastics, Beijing Olympic 2008
Source: Wikipedia.org
Wednesday, November 7, 2007
Table Tennis: Beijing Olympic 2008
Table tennis competitions at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing will be held from August 13 to August 23, at the Peking University Gymnasium.
On the program of the Games of the XXIX Olympiad, Beijing 2008
• Men's Singles
• Men's Team
• Women's Sngles
• Women's Team
The Peking University Gymnasium
A day shot
Venue: Peking University Gymnasium (Table Tennis venue for the 2008 Beijing Olympics
Location: Peking University
Total land surface: 26,900 sq m
Seats: 6,000 permanent and 2,000 removable
Competitions: Table Tennis
Post-Games use: The Gym can be utilized for a score of competitions, including table tennis, handball, basketball, badminton, and volleyball. The Gym will also meet the needs of physical education, training and recreation.
A night shot
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